Cultural Differences in Shakespeares Work

Cultural Differences in Shakespeares Work Shakespeare in Performance This essay will explore the cultural difference of two Shakespeare, Othello performances. The two performances used are Stuart Burges 1965 adaptation and Oliver Parkers 1995 version. William Shakespeare was born in 1564 the son of John Shakespeare a glove maker, and Mary Arden the daughter of a farmer. Within the Elizabethan class system Shakespeare wouldnt have be destined for great things as he wasnt born into a significantly wealthy family. It is possible that Shakespeare was brought up as Catholic; Romeo and Juliet is a Catholic play. Shakespeare attended grammar school In Stratford his education would have been very intense in language, Latin, Greek and possibly modern language like French, his schooling would have also been heavily religious. Shakespeare would have been expected to leave school and go into law grammar schools trained for professionals. Shakespeare didnt continue his education at university and age 18 married Anne Hathaway and lived a quiet life having his first child, Susanna in 1583 then twins Judith and Hamnet in 1585. Historical accounts of Shakespeare in the first seven years of his childrens lives are classed as lost years, due to ther e being no reliable accounts in this period. It wasnt until the late 1590s that Shakespeare was writing plays although in them times writers would write under a false name so critics couldnt dismiss their work. By around 1591, 1592 Shakespeare had written 57 plays in the space 20 years this is a colossal amount especially as a play writer in the Elizabethan period. Shakespeare died on the 23rd April 1616 the same day as his birthday. The importance of Setting The plot Othello is taken from an Italian story Un Captitano Moro some critics believe, written in 1565 by Giovanni Battista Giraldi Cinzio, the story about a Moorish general deceived into believing his wife is being unfaithful. Shakespeare added important characters to the story Iago, Roderigo, Desdemonas father and Brabantio, Shakespeare implies the action of the play runs over some course of time although it could be perceived as being set over a period of a few days. Shakespeare also developed the complex villain Iago compared to the minor one in the original. Shakespeares audience would have believed in The Great Chain of Being, that determined the natural order of events. God being the top of the hierarchical chain, Shakespeare used the Great Chain of Being as a concept to emphasise the tragedy in Othello and struggle with love and Desdemona and Iagos jealous passion. Othello, the Moor of Venice scholars believe was written in the period of 1601-1604, Queen Elizabeth had died in 1603, people worried what would become of governess since Elizabeths death a lot of the fear is portrayed through Shakespeares plays of successful succession and governance. The Protestant Church of England was created by Henry, Elizabeths father there was concerns that the religion might fail after Elizabeths death in a Catholic came to power, and a foreigner to rule. Although the title implies Othello occurred in Venice it took place in Cyprus, having said that Shakespeares stage directions are very basic and minimal so directors that remake Shakespeares pieces can decide where the plot is set. In the period when Shakespeare wrote Othello Venice was a Republic that thrived on multiculturalism, it was major for international trade, Venice had colonial power also respectful of different cultures and religions. Venice was a charming, safe, peaceful location. Cyprus when Shakespeare was in school was under power by the Ottoman Turks, Cyprus was the home of wine and prostitutes full of deception and death. Geographically located between the Middle East, Europe, Mediterranean and Northern Africa the religion is Christian and Muslim, a prime place for religious and racial violence. Although critics believe Othello was adapted by Hecatommithi, the time period that Shakespeare wrote Othello Venice would have been a highly important trading link between the East and Europe. Venice would have been sending ambassadors from Venice and the East to Elizabethan England Shakespeare may have studied theses exotic strangers. Venice and Turkey during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries would have been at wars thus Othello being the general of the Venetian war. Shakespeare cleverly adapted a plot surrounding the issues of the day and explored a twist on race, jealousy and deceit. During the Elizabethan period, black people were not regarded as slaves, in 1601 Queen Elizabeth granted the diplomatic rights which allowed deportation, due to fears of overpopulation. Although the salve trade was not established during this time, the black race was considered inferior. Othello is a revolutionary cultural work, as the Moor Othello is portrayed as a civilized noble Christian who was wrongly deceived forced audiences to rethink the racial status during the early 16th century. Moor was a term used by the Elizabethans referring to Muslim Arabs or North Africa who had conquered Spain in the eighth century. Moors were Elizabethans believed, sinful, animalistic and murderous. It is interesting that Shakespeare represents Othello as the wrongly deceived victim, and Iago the Caucasian the typical More stereotype. Othello The tragedy of Othello, the Moor Whom Is general of Venice, promotes his lieutenant Cassio, leaving Iago enraged with jealousy. Othello fell in love and married Desdemona daughter of Brabantio, the Venetian senator. Iago uses Desdemona and Othellos love as a tactic in his revenge. Iago manipulates Othello into thinking his wife is having an affair with Cassio, Othello outraged kills Desdemona before killing himself the story concludes with Iagos unmasking and execution. Stuart Burges 1965 Othello Laurence Olivier The first English language film of the play Othello was released in December 1965 by director Burge, Burge was born in Brentwood Essex in January 1918 and died in 2002. Burge was the director of the Nottingham Playhouse between 1968-74 then went onto be artistic director at the Royal Court Theatre in over the period of 1977-80. This is the only Shakespeare adaptation that all leading actors were nominated for Oscars. The film was nearly exactly the same as stage production the release did not make use of music of exit music. Burges version of was the first English Othello shot in colour it had previously been done in Russian. This was the first of Shakespeares original text created into a full length British feature. Lawrence Olivier played Othello and acted in blackface, critics over the years have argued the origins of Othello being black or Arab. Othello has been played by white and more recently black actors, Laurence Oliviers version was performed in blackface. Olivier went into detail of his black face performance in his autobiography; Black all over my body, Max Factor 2880, then a lighter brown, then Negro number 2, a stronger brown. Brown on black to give a rich mahogany. Then the great trick: that glorious half yard of chiffon with which I polished myself all over until I shone the lips blueberry, the tight curled wig, the white of the eyes, whiter than ever, and the black, black sheen that covered my flesh and bones, glistening in the dressing room lights. (L. Olivier 1965) In Oliviers autobiography; Olivier, Laurence. Confessions of an Actor, Olivier proclaims in his and the directors minds the blackface wasnt done in a minstrelsy way it was done as costume to make him up as African with innocent intentions of playing Othello. The text Othello is not completely clear on Othellos race, subsequently because Shakespeare would not have been completed educated about the people that lived in North Africa. In 1966 the civil rights movement was at its highest in America racist discrimination and stereotypes were challenged the aesthetic of the Oliviers blackface was out of date and political incorrect.   Although in Europe, the civil rights movement wasnt as big as America with the last white actor blackface Othello taking place in 1990 by Michael Gambon. The New York Times published an article about Oliviers performance that stated; Outrageous impression of a theatrical Negro stereotype, Olivier an end man in an American minstrel show. (the New York times, Bosley Crowther) Burges adaptation of Othello definitely brings the issue of race to the forefront, most of the racial language is present as in the 1604 original text; thicklips, being the first derogatory offensive language aimed at Othello Act one, Scene one. Venice. A street. Roderigo: What a full fortune does the thicklips owe if he can carryt thus! References made by Othello regarding his race are interpreted as intended by Shakespeare, delivered with doubt; Act three, Scene three. The garden of the castle Othello: Haply, for I am black. Intending that because he is black, he is not as sophisticated as other people. Burge directed Olivier as a stereotypical African, exaggerated gesture and accent with his costumes ethnic and predominantly barefoot, with a rosary necklace. Burges performance has been regarded by critics as the greatest performance of the 20th century. (Peter Rainer) and was nominated for four Oscars, winning one. Olivier is the first of the great twentieth-century British actors who has created a brilliantly original interpretation of Othelloà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Oliviers) Othello is a man of gigantic stature but he is not a man of titanic thought; and by no means is he umo univerale, a man of many sided character, typical of the Renaissance. This Othello came into the world from a less civilised society. He Is very close to nature, to the earth. He has had no time to absorb the culture of the new world surrounding him. With all its glitter, this world is in fact trivial and meanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Othellos simple soul makes him vulnerable to the pretty contrivances of the environment. A civilization that is false and untrue kills the simple-minded manà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ this is what Olivier; the actor shows us. (in Tynan, Othello. National Theatre Production, 108). Every modern, white actor, takin on Othello, feels obliged to explain why hes not playing him black, which was surely Shakespeares intention, when the unspoken reason is that to black up is as disgusting these days as a nigger minstrel show. (Laurence Olivier, 1986) Each generation can use pieces of Shakespeares texts his writings are timeless, an Author who makes plays relatable to different generations thus why Othello has been adapted countless times since 1601, in some adaptations of Othello the play is portrayed mostly on the jealous and devious theme. Burges approach to play directions however have been deemed as a play about race. A film version of the 1965 production released on DVD by Warner Home Video in 2007. Oliviers blackface performance makes this film adaptation a difficult object of study, but since it makes Othello a play about race in a way so disturbing for postmodern sensibilities, it is a valuable tool for exploring racial difference as a theme. And especially for considering the plays particular resonance with contemporary racial politics. (R, C. Evans In an article by the New York Times published February, 1966 reporter Bosley Crowther describes how America portrayed Oliviers performance; Seeing as how the drama critics in England were unstinting in their praise of the lush stage production of Othello in which Sir Laurence Olivier played with the National Theatre of Great Britain a couple of years ago, it may seem rude of an American film critic to voice some startled expectations to the motion picture made of the play by a British company. One bold and singular aspect of this production immediately impels the sensitive American viewer into a baffled and discomfited attitude. This is the radical make up Sir Laurence has chosen to use in his powerful and passionate characterization of the jealous Moor. He plays Othello in blackface! Thats right, blackface not the dark-brown stain that even the most daring white actors do not nowadays wish to go beyond.   Whats more, he caps his shiny blackface with a wig of kinky black hair and he has the insides of his lips smeared and thickened with a startling raspberry red. Several times, in his rages or reflections, he roll s his eyes up into his head so that the whites gleam like small mil agates out of the inky face. (B. Crowther 1966) Burges adaptation of Othello is clearly one that caused a stir, with the controversial blackface. The period in which Burge adapted the version the culture was changing surrounding racism, racist terms and what is politically correct. Professor Tony Howard University of Warwick believes for Olivier race wasnt an issue, race was an interesting factor in the play and he chose to make it paramount. The result of that was that I know some black actors that saw the play and were appalled by his imitation of stereotypical behaviour, and I know other black actors who saw the play and were inspired to become Shakespearian actors because of the sheer admiration for what he did. (T. Howard 2013). Oliver Parkers 1995 Othello, Laurence Fishburne Oliver Parker an English film director born 6th September 1960, directed Othello played by a black actor Laurence Fishburne classed as not an outsider in this version as the actor is of African descent. Having said that the racial tensions and most of the racial language still applies in the film. Fishburne, plays a more confidant, cocky Othello in this version he also wears the same costumes as most of the cast, with earings in his ears he blends in well with the rest of the cast unlike in Oliviers version. The choice of music and camera shots sets the racial tension in a different way than previous adaptations with the use of drums during the consummation of Othello and Desdemona also during the Cyprus   celebration. The film doesnt generally focus on Othellos race but more so on the tragedy of the story and Iagos jealousy. Parkers adaptation is more satisfying as a film rather than Shakespearian text, the original text is very heavily cut with many original rhythms not included. The plot and characters remains the same as the original text and Burges, parker sets the film within the same time period and location as the two explored. Parkers version is however modernised and update some areas of the film, parker has changed the interpretation of Iagos character slightly also cutting much of the original text. Parkers use of Othellos dreams allow the audience access into Othellos agony over his suspected wifes adultery, this opened the door to the audience in a new light, something that the original monologue and Burge was unable to achieve. The issue of Race in Parkers version is watered down and limelights the character of Iago and his evil plan. Iagos direct camera soliloquies, via direct camera shots portrays his devious intentions, Iagos true nature is heightened in Parkers adaptation through this technique compare to Burge and the original text. In Act one, Scene three Iago shouts to Roderigo to put money and love into his purse Iago is trying to deceive Roderigo into giving him money so Iago will make Desdemona fall in love with Roderigo. When Iago leaves this scene, the camera zooms in on Iagos face to music building up that creates tension, Iago then recites this original quote from the text; Act one, scene three Iago: Thus, do I ever make my fool my purse: For I mine own gaind knowledge should profane, If I would time expend with such a snipe. But for my sport and profit. I hate the Moor: And it is thought abroad, that twixt my sheets He has done my office: I know not ift be true; But, I for more suspicious in that kind, Will do as if for surety. He holds me well; The better shall my purpose work on him. Cassios a proper man: let me see now: To get his place and to plume up my will In double knavery-how, how? Lets see: After some time, to abuse Othellos ear That he is too familiar with his wife. He hath a person and a smooth dispose To be suspected, framed to make women false. The moor is of a free and open nature, That thinks men honest that but seem to be so, And will as tenderly be led by the nose As asses are. I havet. it is endgenderd. hell, and night Must brin this monstrous birth to the worlds light. During the speech by Roderigo, Parkers gives the audience a subsequent plot for throughout the play as to why Iago wants to kill Othello. Parker directs Iago to look straight into the camera whilst declaring his hatred for Othello this breaks the forth wall including the audience on the whole experience. Iago speaks in a hushed monotone to music playing in the background thus adding theatrical drama, the camera then pans down to a chessboard. Iago places a white queen, black king and a white knight on the board parker does this to replicate Desdemona, Othello and Cassio. The colour of the chess pieces also play a very clever crucial part in the film highlighting the racial but also the use of a chess board highlights the manipulation and game playing from Iago. Parker directs Fishburne to play overtly sexual compared with the Burge version and original text. Parkers directions continues shows Desdemona and Othello in bed together in a number of scenes to modernize the version to appeal to a different audience. Parker has Othellos dreams filled with adultery presented with Desdemona in bed naked with Cassio, in the Burge version the characters are a lot more innocent. Othellos visual image of Desdemona and Cassio, allows for his fear to come alive with the help of Iagos manipulation Othello remembers what Desdemonas father said to him; Act one, Scene 3 A Council-Chamber. Brabantio: Look to her, Moor, if thou hast eyes to see: She has deceived her father, and may thee. This line is continuously played in Othellos head throughout the film, giving Othello confirmation that the affair to real as Desdemona is deceiving him just as she did her father. Once you get to Act three, Scene three, its like being caught up in a huge surf. You are pounded by experiences and overwhelming feelings that oscillate violently. Sometimes within one sentence I go from passion and adoration to the most extreme expressions of loathing and self-hatred Ive ever had to try to get close to. (Laurence Fishburne, 1996) There are a few predominant themes that flow through both versions of Othello and the original text; Love, passion, jealousy, betrayal along with reputation and honour. love being the force that overcome a large obstacle in the marriage of Othello and Desdemona, although Othello loves Desdemona he gives her his heart he doesnt give her his mind and he doesnt trust her, he is deep down insecure.   Their love was tragically lost by the passion of Iago and his jealousy love to Iago is leverage, he declared his love to his friends but does the ultimate betrayal. The love between Cassio and Desdemona that is misinterpreted. Passion comes from Othello and Desdemona two lovers that political looked down on for the marriage but still going ahead with their passion anyway. Jealousy is a trait that is both in Othello and strongly Iago. Multiculturalism, Religious Suspicion and Racism. The Venetian Republic was known as a culturally tolerant society, that welcomes cultural traditions, however Othello and the merchant of Venice being set in Venice, portrays jealousy, race and xenophobia. Shakespeares Othello predates the slave trade and biological classification. Othello being a Moor in Shakespeares time could relate to someone from the Middle East or Spain not necessarily Africa. Reference List Othello. (1965) film. Directed by Stuart Barge. GB: British Home Entertainment. {film} Othello. (1995) Directed by Olive Parker. GB: Warner Home video. {DVD} Colin, Phillip C. and Kuhn, Francis X. (2002) Othello: New Critical Essays Brockport Bookshelf. Book 218. Othello: A Critical Reader Robert. C. Evans Bloomsbury Publishing (2015) (T. Howard 2013) Othello at the National Theatre www.nationaltheatre.org

The Triple E Senate Of Canada :: essays research papers fc

The Triple E Senate of Canada Public interest in the Senate is currently stronger than it ever has been. Nearly everyone agrees that our present Senate is unsatisfactory. Political parties such as the New Democratic Party want the outright abolition of the Senate while others such as the Reform Party want to elect it. Since the Senate has not been considered an effective forum for regional representation- which was one of the reasons for its creation-many Canadians have wondered what reforms would allow it to perform that role better. The objectives of Senate reform are based on one idea, that of enhancing the quality of regional representation of politicians within national political institutions. Through the implementation of a Triple E Senate (Equal, Effective, Elected), a federal principle can be constructed into the national government and therefore provide a check on the majority in the House of Commons. A major function of second chambers is legislative review. This means that bills coming from the other house are examined, revised and sometimes delayed. Unless regional representation is included, the legislative review function does not examine the purpose of proposed legislation, but instead attempts to improve it technically. In federal systems, the legislative review function of the Senate is only secondary to their role in providing for representation for various parts of the country in the national legislature. Representation is selected in favour of the smaller regions, in contrast to the first chamber, where representation is always based on population. Therefore the functions associated with the Senate are legislative review and the representation of the various regions on a different basis from the lower house. The Fathers of Confederation originally intended for the Senate to play the legislative review role. As sir John A. MacDonald said, the Senate was to have "the sober second thought in legislation" and should not be "a mere chamber for registering the decrees of the Lower House". They also agreed on a particular qualification of Senators, which was intended to help them act as a check against the majority in the Lower House. This qualification has remained unchanged since 1867, but its practical meaning has long been discarded. The other major role meant for the Senate was to preserve what MacDonald called "sectional interests". It is believed that this agreement about representation in the Senate was the main factor that allowed the Canadian federation to be formed. The Senate has functioned quite effectively as a house of legislative review up to the present time, but its intended role in regional representation has not been as effectively performed. seventy-five), the Senate's ability to represent the regions of Canada has been weakened.

Protecting Miles and Flora in The Turn of the Screw Essay -- Henry Jam

Protecting Miles and Flora in The Turn of the Screw â€Å"I saw my service so strongly and simply. I was there to protect and defend the little creatures†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The governess sees it as her duty to protect Miles and Flora. What do they need protection from and how does Henry James illustrate this in his novel â€Å"The Turn of the Screw†? Henry James’s ‘Turn of the Screw’ can be interpreted in many different ways. He constructed his novel in order to make allusions to sexual topics, (without stating anything explicitly) madness, ghosts and the Victorian society. In this essay I will be analysing each of the above in order to make a conclusion as to what I think the children need protecting from. As for the ghosts being present or not, this can be argued. A point arguing the ghosts are present is in the introduction of the story. The man telling the story said he knew the governess and he credits the story with being a real ghost tale and the governess as being a real hero. Another point suggesting the ghosts are present is that when the governess â€Å"sees† Peter Quint she is able to go back to Mrs Grose with a fairly full description of him, even though she had never actually met him whilst he was alive. Another aspect of the novel that shows the ghosts exist is the vocabulary used to describe Miles and flora. They are called ‘cherubs’ and have religious connections made saying they are ‘angelic’. The governess sees Flora as ‘so very remarkable’ and ‘the most beautiful child ever seen†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. The children seem to be too perfect. Flora is described as being the most perfect child yet so many supernatural things occurs it is quite unbelievable that she is so very sweet and innocent. Going onto a point suggesting the g... ...s or over imagine, for example, when she sees Miles looking up she instantly is convinced he is not looking at her, but just above her and at a person and that person is Quint. Could the governess be 100% sure that Miles was looking above her and not at her? As I think the governess is mentally unstable, the next step I see her taking is protecting her sexuality and safety. The governess produces an â€Å"image† which is the female ghost of Miss Jessel. This allows Peter Quint and Miss Jessel to be sexually involved and the governess protecting herself. This leaves me to say, that the ghosts are a part of the governesses imagination. I think this because I do not find the governess a reliable narrator. If anything the children need protecting from it is from the governess and her unstability. I think this is what brought about her unbalanced behaviour.

People’s Republic of China Essay

The popularity of Southwestern University’s football program under its new coach, Bo Pitterno, surged in each of the 5 years since his arrival at the Stephenville, Texas, college. With a football stadium close to maxing out at 54,000 seats and a vocal coach pushing for a new stadium, SWU president Joel Wisner faced some difficult decisions. After a phenomenal upset victory over its archrival, the University of Texas, at the homecoming game in the fall, Dr. Wisner was not as happy as one would think. Instead of ecstatic alumni, students, and faculty, all Wisner heard were complaints. â€Å"The lines at the concession stands were too long†; â€Å"Parking was harder to find and farther away than in the old days† (that is, before the team won regularly); â€Å"Seats weren’t comfortable†; â€Å"Traffic was backed up halfway to Dallas†; and on and on. â€Å"A college president just can’t win†, muttered Wisner to himself. At his staff meeting the following Monday, Wisner turned to his VP of administration, Leslie Gardner. â€Å"I wish you would take care of these football complaints, Leslie†, he said. â€Å"See what the real problems are and let me know how you’ve resolved them†. Gardner wasn’t surprised at the request. â€Å"I’ve already got a handle on it, Joel†, she replied. â€Å"We’ve been randomly surveying 50 fans per game for the past year to see what’s on their minds. It’s all part of my campus-wide TQM effort. Let me tally things up and I’ll get back to you in a week†. When she returned to her office, Gardner pulled out the file her assistant had compiled (see the following table). â€Å"There’s a lot of information here†, she thought. Questions: 1. Using at least two different quality tools, analyze the data and present your conclusions. 2. How could the survey have been more useful? 3. What is the next step? Fan Satisfaction Survey Results (N = 250) Case Study 5-1 Rochester Manufacturing Corporation (RMC) is considering moving some of its production from traditionally numerically control machines to a flexible machining system (FMS). Its numerical control machines have been operating in a high variety, low volume intermittent manner. Machine utilization, as near as it can be determine, is about 10%. The machine tool sales persons and a consulting firm want to put the machines together in a FMS. They believe that a $3,000,000. 00 expenditure on machinery and the transfer machines will handle about 30% of RMC’s work. There will, of course, be a transition and start up cost in addition to this. The firm has not yet entered all its parts into a comprehensive group technology system, but believes that the 30% is a good estimate of products suitable for the FMS. This 30% should fit very nicely a â€Å"family†. A reduction, because of higher utilization, should take place in the number of pieces of machinery. The firm should be able to go from 15 to about 4 machines, and personnel should go from 15 to perhaps as low as 3. Similarly, floor space reduction will go from 20,000 square feet to about 6,000. Throughput of order should also improve with this family of parts being processed in 1 to 2 days rather than 7 to 10 days. Inventory reduction is estimated to yield a one-time $750,000 savings and annual labor savings should be in the neighborhood of $300,000. 00. Although the projections all look very positive, an analysis of the project’s return on investment showed it to be between 10% and 15% per year. The company has traditionally had an expectation that projects should yield well over 15% and have payback periods of substantially less than 5 years. Questions: 1. As the production manager for RMC, what would u recommend? And why? 2. Prepare a case by a conservative plant manager for maintaining the status quo until the returns are more obvious 3. Prepare the case for an optimistic sales manager that you should move ahead with the FMS now. Case Study 6-1 ACM is an electronics component manufacturer that has been located in Singapore since 1991, supplying original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) with quality components. In the past several years, ACM has experienced increasing pressure from other manufacturers located in other countries. In Singapore, while labor remains quite inexpensive, there has been a relatively steady increase in labor costs. In addition, utility costs – most notably water and energy costs – have led the firm to contemplate moving operations elsewhere in Asia in an attempt to make the firm more competitive. ACM remains profitable, but margins have shrunk, and management is interested in ensuring that the firm remains competitive in the medium term to long term against other component manufacturers. A team of senior management has formed a committee to reach a decision regarding possible relocation. The committee has identified two additional locations as possible candidates for relocation: Hong Kong (People’s Republic of China [PRC]) and Kuching (Malaysia). Hong Kong’s main attractions stem from the fact that since 1997, when its sovereignty was transferred back to the PRC, labor costs have decreased as access to labor has increased. Hong Kong enjoys a large seaport and very good transportation infrastructure, and this is important in moving in raw materials and moving out finished components to customers. Senior management believes that an increasing number of OEMs will move to the PRC in the next several years, as has been the case in the past decade. This will only increase the attractiveness of locating the manufacturing facility in Hong Kong. Kuching is located in the Malaysian province of Sarawak, on the island of Borneo. It is the fourth-largest city in Malaysia and home to a population of around 650,000. Several points make Kuching attractive to the relocation committee. First, locating here would give access to natural resources and other production inputs. Second, the transportation infrastructure is good, and the city hosts a deep sea port for moving raw materials in and finished good out. That said, the port is not as large or accessible as those of Hong Kong or Singapore, and several committee members have expressed concern about the frequency of ship visits to Kuching. If the port does not receive regular service from container ships, transportation costs to ship components to OEMs will doubtlessly stable and inexpensive in Malaysia. The committee has contracted the government of Singapore to elicit possible incentives to not relocate to another country. Singapore is offering a five-year exemption on taxes for ACM if the plant remains in Singapore. The government will also assist by partially subsidizing labor, water, and energy costs for five years. Committee members realize that the Singapore plant, which has been operating for years, has already been amortized, and opening a new plant would require additional capital costs. That said, opening a new factory would also provide an opportunity to upgrade production equipment to more productive and energy-efficient alternatives. Questions: 1. What advantages and disadvantages does each potential location offer? 2. What other relevant factors that are not mentioned in this case study might play a role in this decision? 3. Why is transportation infrastructure so important in this decision? 4. This is a long-term, strategic decision; what factors might change in the next 10 to 20 years? How will this influence the decision? 5. Which alternative would you recommend, under which circumstances? † Case Study 7-1 Henry Coupe, the manager of a metropolitan branch office of the state department of motor vehicles, attempted to perform an analysis of the driver’s license renewal operations. Several steps were to be performed in the process. After examining the license renewal process, he identified the steps and associated times required to perform each step as shown in the following table. State Automobile License Renewals Process Times Step 1. Review renewal application for correctness 2. Process and record payment 3. Check file for violations and restrictions 4. Conduct eye test 5. Photograph applicant 6. Issue temporary license Average Time to Perform (seconds) 15 30 60 40 20 30 Coupe found that each step was assigned to a different person. Each application was a separate process in the sequence shown below. Coupe determined that his office should be prepared to accommodate the maximum demand of processing 120 renewal applicants per hour. He observed that the work was unevenly divided among the clerks, and the clerk who was responsible for checking violations tended to shortcut her task to keep up with the other clerks. Long lines built up during the maximum demand periods. Coupe also found that the Steps 1 to 4 were handled by general clerks who were each paid $12 per hour. Step 5 was performed by a photographer paid $16 per hour. (Branch offices were charged $10 per hour for each camera to perform photography. ) Step 6, issuing temporary licenses, was required by state policy to be handled by uniformed motor vehicle officers. Officers were paid $18 per hour, but could be assigned to any job except photography. A review of the jobs indicated that Step 1, reviewing the application for correctness, had to be performed before any other step could be taken. Similarly, Step 6, issuing temporary licenses, could not be performed until all the other steps were completed. Henry Coupe was under severe pressure to increase productivity and reduce costs, but he was also told by the regional director of the Department of Motor Vehicles that he had better accommodate the demand for renewals. Otherwise â€Å"heads would roll. † Questions: 1. What is the maximum number of applications per hour that can be handled by the present configuration of the process? 2. How many applications can be processed per hour if a second clerk is added to check for violations? 3. If the second clerk could be added anywhere (and not necessarily to check for violations, as in (2)), what is the maximum number of application the process can handle? What is the new configuration? 4. How would you suggest modifying the process in order to accommodate 120 applications per hour? What is the cost per application of this new configuration?

Most Influenced People in My Life Essay

In China, people always say, â€Å"If three people are walking together, at least one is good enough to be another’s teacher†, which means you will always be influenced by someone else in your life. For me, many people have affected me, such as my grandmother, my father, and my high school physics teacher. Each of them has some talents and characters that I really want to learn. I admire my father’s great enterprise and noble spirit. His strong spirit always influences me when I face challenges or make big decisions. My grandmother’s thoughtfulness teaches me how to take care of myself well when I am alone and I learn that people would be nice to you when you treat them in a friendly way. Also my high school physics teacher is one of the greatest people I have ever met. He was the one who helped me most when I was growing up to an adult. I cannot think of anyone else who has influenced me more than him or her. My father is one of the most influenced people in my life. He is an enterprising entrepreneur. Read more: The person whom I  admire the most essay He always tells me three important traits that a real man must have: enterprising, caring, and conscientious. He also likes to talk with me about what he has done to his company and employees. After hearing his experience, I want to start my own business when I graduate from university so that I can be an enterprising man like my father. He is a person whom I am familiar with the most, so I learn a lot of things from him both mentally and materially. Lots of people said that my motion and appearance completely look the same as my father’s from behind when we are walking together. The last reason that my father is one of the most influenced people in my life is that he assists me financially in my abroad study in United States. As we know, there are not a lot of Chinese have the economic capability to send their children to study abroad. I should be grateful that my father is willing to provide me money to study abroad. My physics teacher of my high school is another person who has influenced me the most. He was a very patient man. I was a naughty boy when I was studying in my high school in Connecticut. I skipped the classes to play basketball and video games; I always did not finish my homework; I fought with other classmates. He was still patient to teach me, so physics became the subject that I had the highest grade. He always convinced people by reasoning. In China, many teachers teach bad students by scolding them or giving them corporal punishment. He was the most reasonable teacher that I had seen since I studied in United States. I respected him very much. I just could not find any disadvantages from him. I once had a chance to have dinner in his house and met all of his families; they were all very nice and easy going. It could be regarded as the most touching thing in the world for a bad student who was often ignored by teachers. My grandmother is also one of the most influenced people in my life. She never got mad at people no matter what they did to her. All of her neighbors evaluated her as the kindest person in their community. My grandmother is also a laborious person. She was born and growing up in the famine. There were six children for her to raise. At that time, my grandmother had no job, so she had no extra money to buy what my father and his brothers needed. She made straw sandals every night to sell in order to buy some snacks and stationery for her sons. She took care of me for over 9 years. When I was a kid, both my parents had job to do and had no time to take care of me, so I was sent to my grandmother’s home. I love her very much because she took care of my daily life and health in the majority of my childhood. People are always influenced by the person appear in their life. The point is that we should be thankful to the people who bring positive influence on us. I am really thankful to my enterprising father, my kind grandmother, and my patient physics teacher because they all have positive effects on me. My father provides me lots of valuable things both mentally and materially. I would still be Yiqin who can only speak Chinese not Scott who can speak both English and Chinese without my father’s help. I would not know how to get alone with people well without my grandmother’s teaching through her personal behavior as well as verbal instruction. I feel confident in saying that I am able to hit it off with the majority of people. I said I worshipped my high school physics teacher very much, not only because he was a patient and reasonable person, but also because his influence on his family made me want to be the person like him. In the future, we may become the one who could influence others, so we must take positive influence from people around us as much as we can, and then let our good personalities to influence others. It would be one of the most important things that could make us to succeed.

How I Believe America has changed since 9/11

The 9/11 incident is a unique one being considered as one of the worst catastrophes not only in America but all over the world. With the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and of the Soviet Union in 1991 a period of extreme optimism opened, with markets triumphant and globalization as the universal panacea (Evans, 2003, para.3). Such nations who experienced failure in one way or another have shifted and depended on their sanguinity for success and advancement through the United States of America.However, after the 9/11 terrorist attack, the world was in shock that even the world’s greatest superpower has met some vulnerable moments against an uncertain force. The evidence we have gathered all points to a collection of loosely affiliated terrorist organizations known as al Qaeda (Bush, 2001, para. 13).Following the 9/11 disaster, one aspect of change which should be analyzed is how Americans perceive freedom now after this event. U.S. President George W. Bush has applied an aggres sive and one-sided approach in dealing with the terrorist issue.The Bush administration is presently the prime mover of the long running â€Å"war on terrorism.† Everything has changed in the sense that the war on terrorism has given U.S. foreign policy a focus not seen since the height of the Cold War (Garrett, 2002, para. 1). The invasion and occupation of Iraq is a result (politically, of course, not logically)†¦(â€Å"What has changed since 9/11?,† 2006, para.2). Undaunted and unapologetic, the Bush administration continues to argue the virtues of staying the present course (Connetta, 2006, para. 6). Can the Americans live in the real essence of freedom with this road the Bush leadership is taking?Will the Bush Administration sacrifice civil liberty for the sake of national security? America has always takes pride of being a free nation embedded with dignity and glory. But after 9/11, the Americans have lived in fear, ambiguity and doubt.ReferencesBush, G.W. ( 2001). Address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American People. Retrieved July 28, 2007, from http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010920-8.htmlConnetta, C. (2006). Pyrrhus on the Potomac: How America's post-9/11 wars have undermined US national security. Retrieved July 28, 2007, from http://www.comw.org/pda/0609br18.htmlEvans, L. (2003). America and the World: What Has Changed Since 9/11? Retrieved July 28, 2007, from http://www.international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=3552Garrett, G. (2002). One year after 9/11: What Has Really Changed? Retrieved July 28, 2007, from http://www.international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=2617â€Å"What has changed since 9/11?† (2006). Retrieved July 28, 2007, from http://ask.metafilter.com/41748/What-has-changed-since-911  

Are Dynasties Good for Sport Leagues? Essay

In sports, the term dynasty is most typically used to refer to a team that is considered or recognized as having dominated their sport for a certain period of time. There are many different factors that are considered as ‘making’ a sports dynasty, and basically a sports dynasty is a franchise that has success in different generations, one which has gained success over a period of time and not just once in particular. When we look at North American sports, for instance, there are basically a few teams in particular that are really considered as being dynasties: the New York Yankees, Montreal Canadiens, and the Boston Celtics. Of course this may be argued, however it is truly hard to literally define the term ‘dynasty’, especially when we really only have about 120 years of professional sporting history to work with, in comparison to the millions of years of human civilization. There are many controversial issues that surround the subject of sports dynasties, and in particular whether or not they are good for sports. Although again the response to this will technically vary from one person to the next, in all honesty dynasties definitely have strong points and are good for the health of sports overall. One subject that plays a large role in sports dynasties is economics. The architect of modern-stadium economics and owner of the Dallas Cowboys, for instance, is planning to unleah a $1 billion stadium in the year 2009 and thanks to this new stadium, the Cowboys will then become $1. 5 billion, and will also be considered as a sports dynasty. This raises the question of whether the term ‘dynasty’ refers to a team that is skilled and continuously makes impacts in the actual game, or one who is willing to spend a large chunk of money on a stadium that is going to have other NFL owners begging for mercy. â€Å"The Cowboys have not finished better than 10-6 since 1995. ‘Architect of modern stadium economics’ may be too strong a term, but American sports dynasties are no longer made on the playing field† (The Sports Economist, 2007). This is a significant issue because even though a new stadium, which will be belonging to the most valuable sports franchise in the world, should not alone make a team a dynasty. The struggling Cowboys need to enhance their performance and make this the reason that fans keep coming to watch, rather than a fancy stadium. There is also the issue however of how although at first the stadium may attract a new wealth of people, there will be others in its place soon enough and eventually they are going to have to win some games or the title of dynasty will wear off rather soon. Overall from this review we can conclude several things, one of the most major being that the term ‘sports dynasty’ is very hard to define concretely, especially in the present day with the wads of cash that are being thrown around, mostly at taxpayers’ expense. Building a dynasty is never easy, but it has become much more so with the influence of money gaining more and more as time goes by. There are many people who argue that money should not make a team, but it can be pretty hard to fight against this belief when there is so much coming against you in response. Really, not until there is a more specific definition of the ‘dynasty’ term will there ever be a real understanding on this matter and a line that can be drawn in terms of what it is that makes a sports dynasty. References Clements, R. (2007, September 18). Pressure Builds for Cor Jesu ‘Dynasty’. South County Journal. Douthat, R. (2007). Dynastic Policies. Retrieved September 21, 2007, from http://rossdouthat. theatlantic. com/archives/2007/09/dynastic_politics. php Sanderson & Siegfried. (2003, November 30). Sports Dynasties. Journal of Sports Economics. Great Sports Rivalries. (2007). Dynasties. Retrieved September 22, 2007, from http://greatsportsrivalries. com/gsr_topteams. html Sporting News. (2007). Kcland’s Sports Potpourri. Retrieved September 22, 2007, from http://www. sportingnews. com/blog/kcland/page3/ The Sports Economist. (2007). Billions at Stake. Retrieved September 22, 2007, from http://thesportseconomist. com/ (2006, October 30). Celtics Dynasty Began in ’57. The Washington Times.